1. Introduction The major task facing the world today is that of feeding the ever-increasing population of over 7 billion people subject to climate change and natural resource constraints [13]. Global hunger is severe, as nearly 30 per cent of the world’s population is currently suffering from one or more forms of malnutrition, including inadequate caloric consumption, protein deficiency, poor dietary quality, and inadequate concentrations of protein and micronutrients [8]. Food, being one of the most basic needs for living, has become one of the most important concerns for the world, as more and more people are living in poverty and hungry. Food security has been a matter of concern in recent years due to the global food crisis and rising food prices. Food, nutrition and livelihood security are essential for a nation [10]. Food security and nutritional security are the subsets of livelihood security. Despite, various concern by governments all over the world on ensuring that every household can at least provide three square meals for their family, food insecurity continues to be a major development problem across the globe, undermining people’s health, productivity, and often their very survival [14]. Reducing food insecurity continues to be a major public policy challenge in developing countries. Many countries experience food insecurity with food supplies being inadequate to maintain their citizens’ per capita consumption [21]. The study revealed that sub-Saharan Africa was the most vulnerable region with regards to food insecurity. Hunger is a pervasive problem in developing countries, which undermines people’s health, productivity, and often their survival [7]. As a results of this, much of the development agendas of these countries especially in SSA focused on directing scarce resources to providing food to people in need or enabling them to acquire it themselves [22]. Food insecurity refers to limited, uncertain availability, or inability to acquire nutritionally adequate, safe, and acceptable foods due to financial constraints [9]. All living things need food to satisfy hunger and nourish the body. Food also gives a feeling of comfort and satisfaction to man [17]. Adequate nutrition is essential for many human functions that include body growth, motivation, work output and educational attainment. Food security is of three folds, these are food availability, food accessibility and food affordability [11]. Food availability for farming households Food security is a broad concept which cuts across many dimensions. It means access to adequate food for a healthy life. This definition points to at least two parts of this complex concept: access to available food and adequate nutrient intake for sustainable health [1]. Food insecurity has been and still is an important concern for many nations around the world. In fact, ameliorating food insecurity and hunger is one of the eight Millennium Development Goals, which has been adopted by 189 States in September 2000 [23]
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Purpose of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Delimitations of the Study
1.7 Limitation of the study
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Review of Related Literature
2.2 Empirical Studies
2.3 Theoretical Framework
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Area of the Study
3.3 Research Design
3.4 Population of the Study
3.5 Sample and Sampling Technique
3.6 Research Instrument
3.7 Validation of the Instrument
3.8 Data Collection Technique
3.9 Data Analysis Technique
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS
AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Data Presentation
4.3 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of Findings
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendations
5.5 Suggestions for Further Research
References
Appendix