Climate change is a crucial challenge of the 21st century that many countries are facing, and everywhere has different consequences based on local characteristics. Considering the 21st century as the century of cities, we need to do a paradigm shift in urban planning and design. Such transformation in urban planning and design thoughts is critically required for those countries which have a background of climate change geographically and historically. Iran is one of these countries that is touching the effects of climate change. Regarding different microclimates in the country, the challenge has emerged in a different face. This article, first, is trying to elaborate on the challenges resulting from climate change in Iranian cities and second assess the consequences and effects on the everyday life of cities. Then, the text is directing to introducing new solutions which are relating more to the process of urban planning and design. As a methodology of the research, two cities, Tehran (the capital) and Ahvaz (the central reference city of dust storm), will be analyzed based on content analysis of official documents, environmentalist ideas, and public opinions in social networks media. Also, some evidence of historical urban innovations adapting climate challenge will be analyzed based on case studies of Isfahan and Bushehr. Some results demonstrate that the complexity of climate challenge is more in metropolitan areas of Iran because of combining the problem with social challenges. Also, it is needed to change the educational dimension of urban planning and design at universities, institutes, and urban government sections relating to climate change. For accelerating urban change according to climate change, Iranian cities need more engagement of people and urban-based NGOs